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推行精益生產管理能全方位幫助企業降本增效,制造工藝精益改善也是實現精益目標不可或缺的一部分,與傳統工藝管理有所不同,企業精益化生產工藝和傳統工藝管理的(de)不(bu)同表現在以下四個(ge)方面。
1.產品(pin)生命周期
傳統工(gong)藝(yi)管(guan)理(li)主要是指在產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)設計(ji)(ji)研發(fa)階段、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)準備(bei)階段以及(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)中的(de)(de)(de)現場工(gong)藝(yi)管(guan)理(li)階段,即在產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中。然而(er),精(jing)益生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)模(mo)式下的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)管(guan)理(li)是包含在整個產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命周期中,從(cong)(cong)市場調研、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)計(ji)(ji)劃、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)研發(fa)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)銷售、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)售后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。因(yin)此(ci),對精(jing)益生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)模(mo)式來講,傳統工(gong)藝(yi)管(guan)理(li)有一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)局限(xian)性,即缺(que)乏精(jing)益的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)數據信(xin)息,工(gong)藝(yi)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式以產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)控制(zhi)和事(shi)后(hou)問題分析(xi)利用工(gong)藝(yi)信(xin)息為主,缺(que)乏事(shi)前的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)控制(zhi)。而(er)精(jing)益生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)依靠事(shi)前的(de)(de)(de)市場調研和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)計(ji)(ji)劃,以及(ji)(ji)事(shi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)銷售和產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)售后(hou)收集更多的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)信(xin)息,有效(xiao)地做(zuo)到事(shi)前計(ji)(ji)劃和事(shi)中控制(zhi),從(cong)(cong)而(er)縮(suo)短新產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)開發(fa)和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)周期,使企業(ye)在工(gong)藝(yi)質量和效(xiao)率(lv)等(deng)關鍵指標上獲得顯著的(de)(de)(de)提高。
2.流程管理
傳統(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)在(zai)內容(rong)上一般包括工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)制定、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)審核(he)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)變更管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)故管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)質(zhi)量記錄(lu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)技(ji)術開發等(deng)內容(rong)。然而精(jing)益生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)模(mo)式下的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li),已經(jing)不(bu)再是傳統(tong)意義上的(de)(de)單(dan)一的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)冊,它不(bu)但要包括工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)步驟,也包含(han)了(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)任務管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)設(she)計(ji)(ji)、簽審、版面管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)流程、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)檔(dang)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)等(deng)一系列的(de)(de)復雜設(she)計(ji)(ji)和管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)過(guo)程。同時,在(zai)互(hu)聯網時代背(bei)景下,信息(xi)化及數(shu)字化技(ji)術也逐步應用到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)中。精(jing)益生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)念(nian)下的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)規(gui)劃與管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)流程,思維理(li)(li)(li)念(nian)等(deng)被納入操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)軟件或(huo)系統(tong)中,工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)人員(yuan)可(ke)以通過(guo)規(gui)范化、程序化和標準(zhun)化的(de)(de)操(cao)(cao)作(zuo)來(lai)達到(dao)預期(qi)的(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)效果。
3. 工藝質(zhi)量管理
精益生產工藝(yi)質量(liang)管(guan)理(li)強調(diao)對(dui)那些(xie)工藝(yi)質量(liang)瓶頸(jing)工序(xu)建立質量(liang)控制點,進行實時(shi)嚴密監控,及(ji)(ji)時(shi)發現問(wen)題,及(ji)(ji)時(shi)反饋(kui)信(xin)息,及(ji)(ji)時(shi)解(jie)決問(wen)題。把解(jie)決工藝(yi)質量(liang)瓶頸(jing)的(de)工序(xu)問(wen)題納入了工藝(yi)管(guan)理(li)規劃的(de)議事日程,作為工藝(yi)質量(liang)管(guan)理(li)的(de)工作重點。
4. 人文文化
精益生產工藝(yi)管(guan)理(li)(li)的人(ren)(ren)文文化重視以(yi)人(ren)(ren)為本的、快樂的工藝(yi)管(guan)理(li)(li),強調人(ren)(ren)和人(ren)(ren)、人(ren)(ren)和組(zu)織的協作配合因素(su)。通過工藝(yi)及其管(guan)理(li)(li)理(li)(li)論與技術(shu)培(pei)訓,提高企業員工的職(zhi)業工藝(yi)技能水平,充(chong)分(fen)發揮企業員工、班組(zu)乃(nai)至各個職(zhi)能部門(men)的自覺性(xing)、積極性(xing)、主動性(xing)、創造(zao)性(xing),實現工藝(yi)管(guan)理(li)(li)的良(liang)性(xing)循(xun)環。
工藝(yi)管理(li)(li)是在現代(dai)(dai)制造環(huan)境下,企業用以規劃、組織和管理(li)(li)其經營(ying)中工藝(yi)活動的(de)一門科學。企業精益化生產(chan)工藝(yi)要(yao)以傳統工藝(yi)管理(li)(li)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)知(zhi)識作為基礎(chu),在現代(dai)(dai)企業工藝(yi)管理(li)(li)相(xiang)(xiang)關(guan)的(de)技術支(zhi)持(chi)下,打造面(mian)向產(chan)品(pin)全生命周期的(de)系統性(xing)工藝(yi)管理(li)(li)工程。
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